电路的基本概念及定律
电源 source
电压源 voltage source
电流源 current source
理想电压源 ideal voltage source
理想电流源 ideal current source
伏安特性 volt-ampere characteristic
电动势 electromotive force
电压 voltage
电流 current
电位 potential
电位差 potential difference
欧姆 Ohm
伏特 Volt
安培 Ampere
瓦特 Watt
焦耳 Joule
电路 circuit
电路元件 circuit element
电阻 resistance
电阻器 resistor
电感 inductance
电感器 inductor
电容 capacitance
电容器 capacitor
电路模型 circuit model
参考方向 reference direction
参考电位 reference potential
欧姆定律 Ohm’s law
基尔霍夫定律 Kirchhoff’s law
基尔霍夫电压定律 Kirchhoff’s voltage law(KVL)
基尔霍夫电流定律 Kirchhoff’s current law(KCL)
结点 node
支路 branch
回路 loop
网孔 mesh
支路电流法 branch current analysis
网孔电流法 mesh current analysis
结点电位法 node voltage analysis
电源变换 source transformations
叠加原理 superposition theorem
网络 network
无源二端网络 passive two-terminal network
有源二端网络 active two-terminal network
戴维宁定理 Thevenin’s theorem
诺顿定理 Norton’s theorem
开路(断路)open circuit
短路 short circuit
开路电压 open-circuit voltage
短路电流 short-circuit current
交流电路
直流电路 direct current circuit (dc)
交流电路 alternating current circuit (ac)
正弦交流电路 sinusoidal a-c circuit
平均值 average value
有效值 effective value
均方根值root-mean-squire value (rms)
瞬时值 instantaneous value
电抗 reactance
感抗 inductive reactance
容抗 capacitive reactance
法拉 Farad
亨利 Henry
阻抗 impedance
复数阻抗 complex impedance
相位 phase
初相位 initial phase
相位差 phase difference
相位领先 phase lead
相位落后 phase lag
倒相,反相 phase inversion
频率 frequency
角频率 angular frequency
赫兹 Hertz
相量 phasor
相量图 phasor diagram
有功功率 active power
无功功率 reactive power
视在功率 apparent power
功率因数 power factor
功率因数补偿 power-factor compensation
串联谐振 series resonance
并联谐振 parallel resonance
谐振频率 resonance frequency
频率特性 frequency characteristic
幅频特性amplitude-frequency response characteristic
相频特性 phase-frequency response characteristic
截止频率 cutoff frequency
品质因数 quality factor
通频带 pass-band
带宽 bandwidth (BW)
滤波器 filter
一阶滤波器 first-order filter
二阶滤波器 second-order filter
低通滤波器 low-pass filter
高通滤波器 high-pass filter
带通滤波器 band-pass filter
带阻滤波器 band-stop filter
转移函数 transfer function
波特图 Bode diagram
傅立叶级数 Fourier series
三相电路
三相电路 three-phase circuit
三相电源 three-phase source
对称三相电源 symmetrical three-phase source
对称三相负载 symmetrical three-phase load
相电压 phase voltage
相电流 phase current
线电压 line voltage
线电流 line current
三相三线制 three-phase three-wire system
三相四线制 three-phase four-wire system
三相功率 three-phase power
星形连接 star connection(Y-connection)
三角形连接 triangular connection(D- connection ,delta connection)
中线 neutral line
电路的暂态过程分析
暂态 transient state
稳态 steady state
暂态过程,暂态响应 transient response
换路定理 low of switch
一阶电路 first-order circuit
三要素法 three-factor method
时间常数 time constant
积分电路 integrating circuit
微分电路 differentiating circuit
磁路与变压器
磁场magnetic field
磁通 flux
磁路 magnetic circuit
磁感应强度 flux density
磁通势 magnetomotive force
磁阻 reluctance
电动机
直流电动机 dc motor
交流电动机 ac motor
异步电动机 asynchronous motor
同步电动机 synchronous motor
三相异步电动机 three-phase asynchronous motor
单相异步电动机 single-phase asynchronous motor
旋转磁场 rotating magnetic field
定子 stator
转子 rotor
转差率 slip
起动电流 starting current
起动转矩 starting torque
额定电压 rated voltage
额定电流 rated current
额定功率 rated power
机械特性 mechanical characteristic
继电器-接触器控制
按钮 button
熔断器 fuse
开关 switch
行程开关 travel switch
继电器 relay
接触器 contactor
常开(动合)触点 normally open contact
常闭(动断)触点 normally closed contact
时间继电器 time relay
热继电器 thermal overload relay
中间继电器 intermediate relay
可编程控制器(PLC)
可编程控制器 programmable logic controller
语句表 statement list
梯形图 ladder diagram
半导体器件
本征半导体intrinsic semiconductor
掺杂半导体doped semiconductor
P型半导体 P-type semiconductor
N型半导体 N--type semiconductor
自由电子 free electron
空穴 hole
载流子 carriers
PN结 PN junction
扩散 diffusion
漂移 drift
二极管 diode
硅二极管 silicon diode
锗二极管 germanium diode
阳极 anode
阴极 cathode
发光二极管 light-emitting diode (LED)
光电二极管 photodiode
稳压二极管 Zener diode
晶体管(三极管) transistor
PNP型晶体管 PNP transistor
NPN型晶体管 NPN transistor
发射极 emitter
集电极 collector
基极 base
电流放大系数 current amplification coefficient
场效应管 field-effect transistor (FET)
P沟道 p-channel
N沟道 n-channel
结型场效应管 junction FET(JFET)
金属氧化物半导体 metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)
耗尽型MOS场效应管 depletion mode MOSFET(D-MOSFET)
增强型MOS场效应管 enhancement mode MOSFET(E-MOSFET)
源极 source
栅极 grid
漏极 drain
跨导 transconductance
夹断电压 pinch-off voltage
热敏电阻 thermistor
开路 open
短路 shorted
基本放大器
放大器 amplifier
正向偏置 forward bias
反向偏置 backward bias
静态工作点 quiescent point (Q-point)
等效电路 equivalent circuit
电压放大倍数 voltage gain
总的电压放大倍数 overall voltage gain
饱和 saturation
截止 cut-off
放大区 amplifier region
饱和区 saturation region
截止区 cut-off region
失真 distortion
饱和失真 saturation distortion
截止失真 cut-off distortion
零点漂移 zero drift
正反馈 positive feedback
负反馈 negative feedback
串联负反馈 series negative feedback
并联负反馈 parallel negative feedback
共射极放大器 common-emitter amplifier
射极跟随器 emitter-follower
共源极放大器 common-source amplifier
共漏极放大器 common-drain amplifier
多级放大器 multistage amplifier
阻容耦合放大器 resistance-capacitance coupled amplifier
直接耦合放大器 direct- coupled amplifier
输入电阻 input resistance
输出电阻 output resistance
负载电阻 load resistance
动态电阻 dynamic resistance
负载电流 load current
旁路电容 bypass capacitor
耦合电容 coupled capacitor
直流通路 direct current path
交流通路 alternating current path
直流分量 direct current component
交流分量 alternating current component
变阻器(电位器)rheostat
电阻(器)resistor
电阻(值)resistance
电容(器)capacitor
电容(量)capacitance
电感(器,线圈)inductor
电感(量),感应系数inductance
正弦电压 sinusoidal voltage
集成运算放大器及应用
差动放大器 differential amplifier
运算放大器 operational amplifier(op-amp)
失调电压 offset voltage
失调电流 offset current
共模信号 common-mode signal
差模信号 different-mode signal
共模抑制比 common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR)
积分电路 integrator(circuit)
微分电路 differentiator(circuit)
有源滤波器 active filter
低通滤波器 low-pass filter
高通滤波器 high-pass filter
带通滤波器 band-pass filter
带阻滤波器 band-stop filter
波特沃斯滤波器 Butterworth filter
切比雪夫滤波器 Chebyshev filter
贝塞尔滤波器 Bessel filter
截止频率 cut-off frequency
上限截止频率 upper cut-off frequency
下限截止频率 lower cut-off frequency
中心频率 center frequency
带宽 Bandwidth
开环增益 open-loop gain
闭环增益 closed-loop gain
共模增益 common-mode gain
输入阻抗 input impedance
电压跟随器 voltage-follower
电压源 voltage source
电流源 current source
单位增益带宽unity-gain bandwidth
频率响应 frequency response
频响特性(曲线)response characteristic
波特图 the Bode plot
稳定性stability
补偿 compensation
比较器 comparator
迟滞比较器 hysteresis comparator
阶跃输入电压step input voltage
仪表放大器 instrumentation amplifier
隔离放大器 isolation amplifier
对数放大器 log amplifier
反对数放大器antilog amplifier
反馈通道 feedback path
反向漏电流 reverse leakage current
相位phase
相移 phase shift
锁相环 phase-locked loop(PLL)
锁相环相位监测器 PLL phase detector
和频 sum frequency
差频 difference frequency
波形发生电路
振荡器 oscillator
RC振荡器 RC oscillator
LC振荡器 LC oscillator
正弦波振荡器 sinusoidal oscillator
三角波发生器 triangular wave generator
方波发生器square wave generator
幅度 magnitude
电平level
饱和输出电平(电压) saturated output level
功率放大器
功率放大器 power amplifier
交越失真 cross-over distortion
甲类功率放大器 class A power amplifier
乙类推挽功率放大器class B push-pull power amplifier
OTL功率放大器 output transformerless power amplifier
OCL功率放大器 output capacitorless power amplifier
直流稳压电源
半波整流 full-wave rectifier
全波整流 half-wave rectifier
电感滤波器 inductor filter
电容滤波器 capacitor filter
串联型稳压电源 series (voltage) regulator
开关型稳压电源 switching (voltage) regulator
集成稳压器 IC (voltage) regulator
晶闸管及可控整流电路
晶闸管 thyristor
单结晶体管 unijunction transistor(UJT)
可控整流 controlled rectifier
可控硅 silicon-controlled rectifier
峰点 peak point
谷点 valley point
控制角 controlling angle
导通角 turn-on angle
门电路与逻辑代数
二进制 binary
二进制数 binary number
十进制 decimal
十六进制 hexadecimal
二-十进制 binary coded decimal (BCD)
门电路 gate
三态门tri-state gate
与门 AND gate
或门 OR gate
非门 NOT gate
与非门 NAND gate
或非门 NOR gate
异或门 exclusive-OR gate
反相器 inverter
布尔代数 Boolean algebra
真值表 truth table
卡诺图 the Karnaugh map
逻辑函数 logic function
逻辑表达式 logic expression
组合逻辑电路
组合逻辑电路 combination logic circuit
译码器 decoder
编码器 coder
比较器 comparator
半加器 half-adder
全加器 full-adder
七段显示器 seven-segment display
时序逻辑电路
时序逻辑电路 sequential logic circuit
R-S 触发器 R-S flip-flop
D触发器 D flip-flop
J-K触发器 J-K flip-flop
主从型触发器 master-slave flip-flop
置位 set
复位 reset
直接置位端direct-set terminal
直接复位端direct-reset terminal
寄存器 register
移位寄存器 shift register
双向移位寄存器bidirectional shift register
计数器 counter
同步计数器 synchronous counter
异步计数器asynchronous counter
加法计数器 adding counter
减法计数器 subtracting counter
定时器 timer
清除(清0)clear
载入 load
时钟脉冲 clock pulse
触发脉冲 trigger pulse
上升沿 positive edge
下降沿 negative edge
时序图 timing diagram
波形图 waveform
脉冲波形的产生与整形
单稳态触发器 monostable flip-flop
双稳态触发器 bistable flip-flop
无稳态振荡器 astable oscillator
晶体 crystal
555定时器 555 timer
模拟信号与数字信号的相互转换
模拟信号 analog signal
数字信号 digital signal
AD转换器analog -digital converter (ADC)
DA转换器 digital-analog converter (DAC)
半导体存储器
只读存储器 read-only memory(ROM)
随机存取存储器 random-access memory(RAM)
可编程ROM programmable ROM(PROM)
Single Input Single Output(单输入单输出),
Laplace Transform(拉普拉斯变换),
Differential Equations(微分方程),
Transfer Functions(传递函数),
Models of System(系统模型),
Block Diagrams(方框图),
Mason’s Gain Formula(梅森公式),
First-order System(一阶系统),
Second-order System(二阶系统),
Higher-order System(高阶系统),
Close-loop Control System(闭环控制系统),
Stability(稳定性),
Transient Response(瞬态响应),
Routh-Hurwitz Stability Criterion(劳斯判据),
Steady-state Accuracy(稳态精度),
Root-locus(根轨迹),
Root-locus Principles(根轨迹基本规则),
Frequency Responses(频率响应),
Bode Diagrams(波特图),
Nyquist Criterion(奈氏判据),
Relative Stability(相对稳定性).
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